Chip breaker



R. D. SHAW Nov. 22, 1938.

CHIP BREAKER Filed Sept. 22, 1936 v PW INVENTOR ATTORNEY cessively atthe nickedpor indentedrrpoints and van Patented Nov. 22, 1938Niles-Benient-Pond Company, Hartford; Conn a corporation of New Jersey ii Application September 2, 1936, Serial Nb. 101,972

P m m IQC IaiInS. (ease-e4 Thisinvention relates to chipbreaking meansforapplication to metal cutting machines such as engine lathes andthelike in which acutting tool is moved longitudinally alongth'ework asthe worklis being rotated.

A primaryobject of the present invention is to provide a striker in theform of a chisel edged tool positioned toengage-the face of the work abeing out along substantially aradial line in advance of the cuttingtool to periodically indent or nick this face of the workpiece sothatthe chips formed byathe cutting tool will break gsucpreventanelongated chip being formed to com-J pletelywrap'itself about the workpiecem: 1i i Another object of-theinvention is to-provide rapidlyactuatingmeansto reciprocate the-chisel striking toolyso thatwthecuttingedgemof lithe striker may be forced against the'cutting surfaceingrotation of the work. i t v And finally it is an objectoftheinvention to succession of relativelyheavy blows sufficient toweaken the metal along theline engaged by the chiseledge. p

invention may include the features of; construction and operationsetforth in the following specification and illustrated in theaccompany- I ing drawing. a

In the accompanying drawing annexed hereto and forming a part of thisspecification, I have shown my invention applied tothetool support of alarge size engine lathe but it will be understood that the invention canbe otherwise embodied and that the drawing is not to be construedasdefinirig or limiting the scope of the invention, and claims appendedto this specifica tion beingrelied upon'forthat purpose.

In the drawing: n

Figure 1 is a fragmentary front elevation of an enginelathe to which thepresentinvention has been applied.

rows, and v n v Fig. 3 isafragmentary plan view showing the cutting tooland indenting tool in relation to a work piece being cut.

of the work piece atclosely adjacent points durinto cutting engagementwith thework.

riage 15.

which is now deemed preferabie, butwit is to be understood that changesand modifications :may

carriage andcross slide on which may be mounted ancuttingtool movable indirections longitudina'lly and radially of the work; third, a sup- 3porttpreferably mounted con and movable with the cross slide immediatelyabove the cutting tool and having-a pneumatic hammer or other actuatingmeans adjustably .secured thereon; fourth, a chisel edged cuttingorindenting tool actuated by the pneumatic hammer and positioned tostrikeflagainst the cutting face ofthe workbeing turned at closelyadjacent points and in advanceofthe'cutting tool; andfifth, resilientmeans. normallyt-retairiingthe uindenting tool away from the cuttingface ofthetwork piece being turned but permitting movement/thereofReferring more in detail to the figures of the drawing, I provide a basein having a headstock v n n v II at one end thereof and an adjustablymount: With the above and other objects in view, the

edfitailstock l2 adjacentits opposite end, Within the headstock II isprovided the usualwork fixed axis and at any desired speed.

Movable along the base l0 isa tool support a ing carriage l5 having across slidelfi thereon.

The carriage I5 is movable longitudinally along suitable ways ofthe basel0 and the cross slide I6 ismovable ina horizontal plane and normallytothe direction of movement ofthecar cutting tool I1, the tool head [8within which it is supported haying suitable clamping means for rigidlysecuring the tool H in any adjusted position. Also mounted on the toolsupporting head I8 is a bracket I9 within which the actuati ing means 20for the chip breaking tool 2| may Fig. 2 is across sectional view ofthemachine taken substantially upon the plane of line 2-2" of Fig. 1 andlooking in the direction of the ar-i be adjustably supported. This chipbreaking tool 2| has a chisel edge at one end positioned to strike n nagainst the surface of the work piece W being cut along substantially aradial line. Theoppo 50 site end of the tool 2| enters the cylinder orbody member of a pneumatic hammer 20. This chip breaking tool may beactuated by and the drawing shows a pneumatic hammer of conventionalform, the cylinder of which may be ad- On the cross slide [6 is mounteda 40 member shown in the form of a long flexible strip a of metalforming a spring. or other resilient member preferably having an openingthrough which the chip breaking or indenting tool II passes andagainstwhich a shoulder on the tool may engage. By means of this springor other resilient connection-23 the chiselor indenting tool 2! isnormally retained slightly from the cutting surface of the work piece Wbut in a manner permitting the chisel edge of the tool to strike againsta face thereof and force .the

chisel edge tonick or indent the cutting surface of the work piecesufllcientlv to materially weaken the metal along the lines indented;

In operation the tool I1 is advanced in the usual manner and theair orother motor power applied to-the actuating cylinder 20 of thepercussiveihammer or chisel so that this chisel 2| lsforced repeatedlyinto contact with the cutting surface of the work wr During-. rotationof the workpieces plurality of substantially equally spaced indentationsare forme'd inthe "cutting face of the work piece immediately priorto'the cutting action of the: tool upon the surface of thework piece. Byreason of theseindentations elected, by" the chisel edgeof the chipbreaker, weakened sections of the metal are produced at closely adJacentpositions, these weakened sec- .tlonsbeing sumcient when cut by'the toolto cause breakage of the metal: along the lines of these indentationsinto chips the lengths of which equalv the distance between'successiveindentations of the'indenting tool into the cutting face of the workpiece. Preferably the chisel edge of the tool 2| is sumciently long toindent the surface of the work cut by the tool il substantially edgepositioned to engage the work being cut in advance of the tool, andhammer actuated means .to' force the cutting edge of the strikerpercussively into the surfaceof the work being out, said meanssupporting said striker and normally retaining, said striker slightlyretracted from the surface of the work being cut.

2. A chip breaker-for metal cutting machines comprising in combination,a cutting tool, a tool support therefor movable to advance the toolduring the cutting operation, a hammer actuated striker mounted forlongitudinal movement with said tool and having a straight cutting edgepositioned to "engage the surface of the work engaged by the toolsubstantially radially and in advance of the tool, and means to rapidlyforce the striker percussively into'the surface of the work cut by thetool, saidmeans normally supporting and retaining said striker slightlyretracted from the metal being cut.

:3. A chip breaker for metal cutting machines comprising in combination,a cutting tool, a tool support therefor movable to advance the toolduring the cutting operation, ahammer actuated striker mounted forlongitudinal movement with said tool and having a cutting edgepositioned to engage the work in advance of the tool, pneumaticallyactuated'hammer means to rapidly force the striker percussively againstthe surface of. the work engaged by the tool, and means normallyretaining said striker slightly retracted from the metal being cut.

ROBERT D. SHAW.

